

Care and Use
Upholstery
Guide to Caring for and Mindful Use of Upholstered Furniture
Time and Touch Sensitive Structure
Upholstery fabrics and leathers, much like wood, are materials that naturally respond to the passage of time. Their appearance changes depending on light, pressure, heat, and everyday use.
- Wrinkles, folds, and color variations are characteristics, not flaws – especially in the case of natural leathers and velvet fabrics.
- The sheen of fabrics under light does not indicate wear, but is a result of the fiber structure.
- Stretching of upholstery over time is a natural phenomenon, resulting from the material's behavior.
Understanding these properties allows us to view furniture differently: not through the lens of perfect unchangingness, but as an object that matures alongside the space and its user.


Types of Popular Upholstery and Their Fit for Your Lifestyle
Choose the fabric that best matches the rhythm of your home

Structural fabrics
Fabric with a subtly textured feel. Its varied structure effectively conceals minor signs of everyday use.
Touch: Soft, tactile texture.
Care: Remove dust with a soft upholstery attachment or a gentle brush. Use only cleaning products designed for upholstery fabrics.
Pets: Recommended – its dense structure is generally more resistant to daily wear and tear.

Szenil
Densely woven fabric with a subtle texture, valued for its comfort and high durability. It performs well with heavily used furniture.
Touch: Soft and pleasant.
Care: Remove dust with a soft upholstery attachment or a gentle brush. For stains, use upholstery fabric cleaners.
Pets: Conditional – intense scratching may cause pulls.

Bouclé / Bukla
Fabric with a distinctive looped structure. It gives furniture a cozy character, but due to its construction, it requires a bit more care during everyday use.
Touch: Quite soft and resilient.
Care: Remove dust only with a soft upholstery attachment or a gentle brush. Clean stains as quickly as possible using dedicated cleaning products.
Pets: Not recommended – the looped structure can easily snag from claws.

Velvet
Elegant fabric with a short, dense pile. The characteristic shading effect and color change depending on the arrangement of the fibers and light are its natural features.
Touch: Soft and velvety.
Care: Clean in the direction of the pile using a soft upholstery attachment or a gentle brush. Avoid vigorous rubbing.
Pets: Recommended – the short, dense pile reduces the risk of pulls, and pet hair is relatively easy to remove.

Natural leather
Noble material with high durability that develops a characteristic patina over time. Variations in texture, shade, or subtle markings are features of natural leather.
Touch: Soft, smooth, or lightly grained.
Care: Wipe with a soft, dry, or slightly damp microfiber cloth. Use only dedicated care products.
Pets: Conditionally – easy to maintain, but sharp claws can leave scratches.

Eco-leather
Synthetic material that faithfully replicates the appearance of natural leather. Easy to clean and resistant to everyday stains, but may wear over time.
Touch: Smooth or slightly textured.
Care: Clean with a soft, slightly damp cloth. Avoid aggressive cleaning products.
Pets: Condition-based – easy to clean, but claws may cause permanent damage.

Len
A natural fabric with a subtly irregular weave, valued for its breathability, durability, and authentic appearance. Over time, it becomes softer and acquires a noble character, adding to its uniqueness.
Touch: Natural, slightly rough.
Care: Remove dust with a soft upholstery attachment or a gentle brush. Avoid excessive dampening of the material.
Pets: Not recommended – natural fibers are more susceptible to mechanical damage.

Jacquard
The pattern is created directly during weaving, ensuring its durability throughout its lifespan. It features a rich texture and high resistance to abrasion.
Touch: Compact, with a distinctly perceptible structure.
Care: Regularly remove dust with a soft upholstery attachment or a gentle brush. Clean only with products designed for upholstery.
Pets: Conditional – fabrics with a dense weave work best.


Check the dedicated guide.
Leathers and eco-leathers
What should you pay attention to when choosing upholstery?
Fabric composition
Natural materials are pleasant to the touch and eco-friendly, but they often require more care and can be more delicate. Synthetics, on the other hand, are easier to maintain and more resistant to everyday use.
Polyester (PES) - The most popular fiber, durable, abrasion-resistant, easy to care for, and retains color well.
Wool - A natural fiber valued for its elasticity, durability, and thermoregulating properties. Wool fabrics are soft to the touch, breathable, and age beautifully.
Linen - A natural fiber with a distinctive texture and matte finish. It offers breathability and a natural look, but can be more prone to wrinkling.
Cotton - Soft and pleasant to the touch, often used as a blend to enhance comfort.
Viscose - A cellulose-based fiber with a silky feel and subtle sheen. It adds softness and elegance to fabrics.
Acrylic - A lightweight synthetic material, often used as an additive to improve durability and resistance to light exposure.
Polyamide (Nylon) - A very strong fiber that increases the fabric's resistance to heavy use and abrasion.
Abrasion resistance (Martindale test)
For home use, it is best to choose fabrics with a durability rating above 40,000 cycles, ensuring the longevity and resilience of your upholstery.
Structure of fibers
The tighter the weave of the fabric, the greater its resistance to pulls, stains, and mechanical damage.
Pilling
This is an indicator of the fabric's resistance to pilling caused by friction during everyday use. The parameter is rated on a scale from 1 to 5, where 5 indicates the highest resistance and a longer retention of the material's aesthetic appearance.
Popular manufacturer labels
Pet Friendly - Fabrics designed with pet owners in mind. They typically feature a tight weave that minimizes hair penetration and makes cleaning easier. While they may also be more resistant to pulls, no fabric is completely claw-proof.
Easy Clean - A special finish that makes it easier to remove everyday dirt. Most fresh stains can be wiped away with water or a mild upholstery cleaner.
Water Repellent / Water Resistant - A coating that slows down the absorption of spilled liquids. Liquids remain on the surface of the fabric for a while, allowing for quick removal.
Stain Resistant - Technology that enhances the fabric's resistance to stains by limiting the penetration of dirt into the fibers.
OEKO-TEX® STANDARD 100 - A certification confirming that the fabric has been tested for harmful substances and meets strict health safety requirements.


The durability of upholstered furniture depends not only on the manufacturer but also on the user. Upholstered furniture is an investment for years to come, combining comfort, aesthetics, and functionality. Conscious use and proper care help maintain their beauty and durability for a long time.
How to care for the durability of upholstered furniture?
Protect from the sun and high temperatures.
Avoid exposing furniture to direct sunlight and placing it close to heat sources, such as radiators. Fabrics and leathers can fade and lose their elasticity in this way.
Do not overload the furniture's structure.
Do not sit on the backs, armrests, or any other elements that are not designed to bear heavy loads. Excessive pressure can lead to structural deformation, weakened joints, and a shortened lifespan of the furniture.
Protect the upholstery from dyes.
Especially with light upholstery, it's advisable to use throws or protective pads. They help reduce the risk of dye transfer from clothing, such as denim, and protect the surface from everyday stains.
Take care of the fabric's appearance.
Regularly smooth the fabric surface to maintain its aesthetic appearance and even placement on the filling. Simple care helps reduce the formation of permanent creases and allows you to enjoy the impeccable look of your furniture for longer.
Regularly rotate the cushions.
If the furniture design allows, rotate and flip the seat and back cushions. This way, the filling wears evenly, maintaining its elasticity, shape, and comfort for a longer time.
Avoid eating and drinking on the furniture.
Eating meals on upholstered furniture increases the risk of difficult-to-remove stains and dirt. Even small crumbs can accumulate in the fabric's structure, and spilled drinks can leave lasting marks, so be sure to clean up any spills as quickly as possible.


Softness inspired by nature
Sheepskin
Natural sheepskin is an exceptionally soft and fluffy material, valued for its comfort, durability, and thermoregulating properties. To maintain its appearance for many years, it is essential to regularly shake and gently brush the fleece, as well as to spot clean any stains according to the manufacturer's recommendations. Avoid prolonged exposure to sunlight, high temperatures, excessive moisture, and machine washing, as these can lead to a loss of softness, fluffiness, and damage to the natural leather.
Cleaning and Care: Step by Step
Regularly vacuum the upholstery.
Vacuum your furniture once a week with a soft brush — this effectively removes dust and prevents dirt from penetrating the fabric structure.
Clean gently and in the direction of the fibers.
For cleaning, use a slightly damp cloth or a soft sponge, avoiding excess water. Always clean in the direction of the grain to prevent damaging the surface.
Use dedicated cleaning products.
Use only cleaning products specifically designed for the type of upholstery. Avoid universal detergents that may contain harsh ingredients.
Always perform a test before cleaning.
Before using any product, perform a test in an inconspicuous area to ensure it does not damage the fabric or alter its color.


Upholstered furniture evolves with everyday use — it's a natural process that adds character to each piece.
Material Reactions: What is natural?
Wrinkles, slight stretching, and shine are effects of use, particularly noticeable in soft and flexible fabrics.
Fabric color with pile (velvet, plush) may vary depending on the light and the arrangement of the fibers.
Pilling (the formation of small balls) mainly affects fabrics such as chenille, velvet, and plush. It occurs due to the friction of fibers, but it can be easily removed with a special fabric shaver.
Leather develops a natural patina over time, showcasing its authenticity and uniqueness.


What to avoid?
Using vacuum cleaners with hard attachments
They can pull delicate fibers of the fabric, causing damage and visible defects on the surface of the upholstery.
Use of strong chemical agents
Bleaches, alcohol, or vinegar — these substances can permanently discolor fabric or leather, as well as weaken the material's structure, which shortens the lifespan of your furniture.
Prolonged pressure in one spot
It causes permanent deformities that disrupt the appearance and comfort of the furniture, especially on the seats and backs.
Washing removable covers without checking the care label instructions
Not every fabric is suitable for water washing; improper care can lead to shrinking, color loss, or deformation.
Strong stain rubbing
Overly vigorous scrubbing can push dirt deeper into the fabric structure and damage the fibers, making it more difficult to remove stains later on.
FAQ – Frequently Asked Questions
Do you have questions?
Do all upholstery fabrics require the same care?
No. Each material may require slightly different care. It's always a good idea to familiarize yourself with the manufacturer's recommendations for the specific fabric and to use the appropriate cleaning products for it.
How often should upholstered furniture be vacuumed?
To reduce the accumulation of dust and dirt, it is recommended to vacuum upholstery with a soft attachment at least once a week. In homes with children or pets, it’s advisable to do this more frequently.
Can I use a steam cleaner on upholstery?
It depends on the type of fabric and the manufacturer's recommendations. Some materials can be gently refreshed with steam, which helps reduce wrinkles and revitalize the fibers. Always check the care instructions before use and avoid excessive moisture on the material.
What to do if you spill liquid on upholstery?
Quickly blot the liquid with a clean, absorbent cloth or paper towel. Do not rub the stain – gently press the material to absorb the moisture.
Can all stains be removed?
Not always. The effectiveness of cleaning depends on the type of stain, the reaction time, and the type of fabric. Some substances may leave permanent marks.
Are Easy Clean fabrics completely stain-resistant?
No. The Easy Clean coating makes it easier to remove most everyday stains, but it does not guarantee complete resistance to all types of stains. Quick action is still very important.
Is pilling a normal effect?
Yes. Delicate pilling is a natural phenomenon that can occur during everyday use of almost any upholstery fabric. It arises from the friction of fibers against clothing, blankets, or other materials and does not indicate a defect in the product or low fabric quality.
In the initial period of use, you may notice the so-called initial pilling effect, which is related to the release of loose fibers left over from the manufacturing process. Once these are removed, the phenomenon usually decreases significantly.
The resulting pilling can be safely removed using a fabric shaver designed for upholstery, applying it gently and following the manufacturer's recommendations. Regular care helps maintain the aesthetic appearance of the upholstery for a long time.
How to remove pilling from upholstery?
The safest way is to use a fabric shaver designed for upholstery. Be sure to do this gently, following the instructions.
Which fabrics are more prone to pilling?
The tendency of fabric to pill depends on the type of fibers, the way they are spun, the structure of the material, and the intensity of use. Even high-quality fabrics can show signs of pilling over time, so it's important to pay attention to the Pilling parameter specified by the manufacturer.
Most prone to pilling:
- Chenille – soft fibers may create small pills over time, especially in heavily used areas.
- Linen and fabrics with a high content of natural fibers – natural fibers are more susceptible to abrasion and the release of loose fibers.
- Fabrics with a high content of acrylic or short fibers – may show a greater tendency to pill.
Less prone to pilling:
- Velvet – due to its dense pile structure, it usually resists pilling well.
- Boucle – the looped surface makes small pills generally less visible, although individual loops may snag.
- High-quality modern polyester fabrics – when properly made, they exhibit very good resistance to pilling.
- Natural leather and faux leather – do not pill, although they require different care.
What are the differences between natural and synthetic fabrics?
Upholstery fabrics can be made from natural, synthetic, or a combination of both types of fibers. Each material has its advantages, so the choice should be tailored to your lifestyle, how the furniture will be used, and your maintenance expectations.
Natural fabrics
This group includes linen, cotton, and wool. They are valued for their natural appearance, breathability, and pleasant touch. They regulate temperature beautifully and give furniture an elegant, timeless character. However, they do require a bit more care, as they can be more susceptible to stains, creasing, or fading from sunlight.
Synthetic fabrics
These are most often made from polyester, polyamide, or acrylic. They are characterized by high abrasion resistance, easier maintenance, and greater resistance to moisture and UV radiation. Modern synthetic fabrics increasingly match natural materials in terms of appearance and comfort.
Mixed fabrics
Many contemporary upholstery options combine natural and synthetic fibers. This blend allows for the aesthetic and softness of natural materials while enhancing their durability, resistance to everyday use, and ease of care.
Do outdoor furniture fabrics differ from indoor upholstery?
Yes. Fabrics designed for outdoor furniture are created with outdoor use in mind and must withstand much harsher conditions than materials used indoors.
They are most often made from synthetic fibers such as acrylic, olefin (polypropylene), or specialized polyester, which are highly resistant to UV radiation, moisture, and changing weather conditions.
Modern outdoor fabrics often have additional properties:
- high resistance to fading from sunlight,
- hydrophobic coating that limits water absorption,
- increased resistance to mold and the growth of microorganisms,
- ease of removing everyday stains.
Although they are designed for outdoor use, this does not mean they are completely maintenance-free. To keep them looking their best for many seasons, it is advisable to regularly remove dirt, and during the off-season or prolonged rainfall, store cushions and textiles in a dry, ventilated place or use protective covers.
Can sunlight damage upholstery?
Yes. Prolonged exposure to intense sunlight can cause gradual fading of colors and accelerate the aging of materials.


Proper upholstery care is not about intensive cleaning, but rather regular attention and appropriate use. Vacuuming, promptly removing stains, and protecting against moisture, intense sunlight, and mechanical damage help maintain the aesthetic appearance, color, and texture of the fabric for many years.
Want to learn more tips on how to care for your furniture and accessories? Check out our care guide.







